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Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial

SPEMD - Rev Port Estomatol Med Dent Cir Maxilofac | 2018 | 59 (4) | Page(s) 181-190


Original research

Self-rated health and oral health in type 2 diabetic patients – a case-control study

Auto-avaliação de saúde e saúde oral em pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 – estudo caso-controle


a Faculty of Dentistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
b Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
c Institute of Public Health, University of Porto (ISPUP), Porto, Portugal
d Fernando Pessoa Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit (FP-ENAS), Porto, Portugal
e LAQV/REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
f Primary Healthcare Centre (USF) Barão do Corvo, ACES, Gaia, Portugal
g The Epidemiology Research Unit (EPIUnit), Porto, Portugal
Maria Conceição Manso - cmanso@ufp.edu.pt

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Volume - 59
Issue - 4
Original research
Pages - 181-190
Go to Volume


Received on 09/06/2018
Accepted on 27/12/2018
Available Online on 06/02/2019


Objectives: To analyze whether there are differences between self-rated general health (SRH) and self-rated oral health (SROH) between individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and without DM2, and to explore the general and oral conditions associated with major impacts on general health (GH) and oral health (OH) self-perception. Methods: After obtaining ethical approval and informed consent, the sample included 343 DM2 patients (DM2 group) and 323 controls (nDM2 group), all adult volunteers. Data was obtained from clinical records and oral health examination, using WHO criteria and a questionnaire to rate their own GH and OH on a Likert 5-point scale. Inference analysis was conducted using parametric and non-parametric tests and logistic multivariable regression (MLR) (α=0.05). Results: DM2 patients’ perception of own GH was significantly worse than nDM2’s (p<0.001). The MLR showed that the risk factors for a worse perceived GH were calculus and oral hygiene at night in nDM2, and HTA, dyslipidaemia and at least one missing tooth in DM2. Both SRH and SROH were significantly (p<0.001) often classified as “bad” or “very bad” in DM2. Calculus and pockets ≥4mm were identified as increased risk factors (OR=3.55, p=0.049; OR=4.32, p=0.025, respectively) and DMFT>0, calculus and gingival recession were associated (p<0.001) with “bad” or “very bad” SRH and SROH in the MLR. Conclusions: Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus showed a worse self-perception of own general health and oral health than individuals without this pathology, and oral health was generally self-rated worse than general health.


Objetivos: Verificar existência de diferenças entre a autoavaliação da saúde geral (SRS) e da saúde oral (SROH) entre pacientes com diabetes melittus tipo 2 (DM2) e sem (nDM2) e explorar as condições de maior impacto na saúde geral (GH) e oral (OH) associadas à autoperceção. Métodos: Após aprovação ética e consentimento informado, obteve-se 343 adultos DM2 e 323 controlos. Os dados clínicos e de OH foram coletados usando critérios da OMS e perguntas para autoclassificação de GH e OH numa escala de Likert (5 pontos). A análise inferencial utilizou testes não-paramétricos e regressão logística multivariada (MLR) (α=0,05). Resultados: Os pacientes DM2 autoavaliam significativamente pior a sua GH do que nDM2 (p<0,001). Nos nDM2, a MLR mostrou que cálculo e higiene oral à noite são fatores de risco para uma perceção de pior GH; entre os DM2 é a HTA, dislipidemia, ≥1 dente ausente. Para os DM2, a SRH e SROH, mostra significativamente (p<0,001) mais frequente as perceções de “má” ou “muito má”. O cálculo e bolsas ≥4mm foram identificadas como fatores de risco (OR=3,55, p=0,049; OR=4,32, p=0,025, respetivamente) e CPOD>0, presença de cálculo e recessões estão associadas (p<0,001) a mais frequente perceção como “má” ou “muito má” SRH e SROH. Conclusões: Indivíduos com diabetes melittus tipo 2 mostraram uma pior autoperceção de saúde geral e oral do que os indivíduos sem esta patologia e a saúde oral foi pior autoavaliada que a saúde geral.


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